Grandparents and even great-grandparents are projected to live longer by the end of the century. But don’t expect them to help with childcare

The bad news: They may be too old and frail to help with caregiving—and even require caregiving themselves.

An international team of researchers crunched both historical and projected numbers from the 2022 United Nations’ World Population Prospects. Among their findings, published recently in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: The number of living family members each person has will decline dramatically worldwide—by nearly 40%—by 2095 due to lower and later fertility.

In 1950, a 65-year-old woman could expect to have 41 living family members. In 2095, a 65-year-old woman is projected to only have 25 living relatives, researchers determined.

While families will shrink horizontally—with fewer cousins, nieces, nephews, and grandchildren—they’re expected to grow vertically thanks to longer life expectancies. Older grandparents and great-grandparents, however, might be “too old and frail” to provide caregiving support to grandchildren.

The largest family size declines are expected in South America and the Caribbean. North American and European families already trend smaller, so shrinkage will be less pronounced in those regions, according to researchers.

“Our findings confirm that the availability of kinship resources is declining worldwide,” Diego Alburez-Gutierrez—head of The Research Group on Kinship Inequalities at the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany—said in a news release about the study. 

“As the age gap between individuals and their relatives widens, people will have family networks that are not just smaller, but also older,” he added. “While this could theoretically help ease the burden of childcare for parents, these (great-)grandparents may actually need care…