Japanese spacecraft lands on the Moon

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Japan has landed a small spacecraft on the Moon, joining an elite club to have achieved the feat, but a power problem threatens its ability to study the lunar surface.

The 2.4-metre tall lunar lander’s touchdown made Japan the fifth nation to execute a successful soft landing of a spacecraft after the Soviet Union, US, China and more recently India.

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Jaxa) confirmed communication with the spacecraft but said it was unable to generate solar power. The power issue jeopardises its ability to study the lunar surface and search for clues on the Moon’s origins.

The mission, which has been decades in development, follows a series of setbacks for Japan’s space exploration plans despite a surge in investment and deeper collaboration with the US and other allies to counter China’s ambitions. 

In March last year, Japan’s newest rocket, the H3, was issued with a self-destruct order after an engine failure shortly after its launch, while a bid by private exploration company ispace to achieve the world’s first commercial landing on the Moon failed in April.

Jaxa’s spacecraft, known as Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (Slim), touched down on the lunar surface at about 12.20am Tokyo time on Saturday following a 20-minute descent. Known as “Moon Sniper” for its use of precision-landing technology, the craft targeted a landing zone of just 100 metres compared with an area of tens of kilometres for previous lunar missions. 

After almost two hours, Jaxa confirmed the success in landing while also announcing the power issue. The agency said Slim was at present using its on-board battery, which is expected to last for only “a few hours,” to send landing data to Earth, adding that it would take more time to analyse whether it had made a precision landing, it added.

But the landing “paves the way for…